Small Intestinal Glucose Exposure Determines the Magnitude of the Incretin Effect in Health and Type 2 Diabetes

Clinical Trial News Monday, May 5th, 2014

Diabetes:  April 2, 2014

The potential influence of gastric emptying on the ‘incretin effect’, mediated by glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of intraduodenal glucose infusions at 2 (ID2) and 4 (ID4) kcal/min (equating to two rates of gastric emptying within the physiological range) on the size of the incretin effect, gastrointestinal glucose disposal and plasma GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon, in health and type 2 diabetes. We studied 10 male BMI-matched controls and 11 male type 2 patients, managed by diet or metformin only. In both groups, GIP, GLP-1 and the magnitude of incretin effect were greater with ID4 than ID2, as was gastrointestinal glucose disposal; plasma glucagon was suppressed by ID2, but not ID4. Read More

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