Prevalence of Nonrefractive Visual Impairment in US Adults and Associated Risk Factors, 1999-2002 and 2005-2008

JAMA: December 12, 2012 Context  Over the past decade, chronic illnesses with ophthalmic sequelae such as diabetes and diabetic retinopathy have increased. Objectives  To estimate prevalence of nonrefractive visual impairment and to describe its relationship with demographic and systemic risk factors including diagnosed diabetes. Design, Setting, and Participants  The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey […]

Incidence of diabetes among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors

Diabetologia: 12/10/12 Abstract: Aims/hypothesis Evidence is emerging of an association between breast cancer and diabetes; however, it is uncertain whether diabetes incidence is increased in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors compared with women without breast cancer. The objective of this study was to determine whether postmenopausal women who develop breast cancer have a higher incidence of diabetes than those who do not develop breast cancer. […]

Long-Term Exposure to Road Traffic Noise and Incident Diabetes: A Cohort Study

Ehp.niehs.nih.gov: December 10, 2012 Background: Road traffic noise at normal urban levels can lead to stress and sleep disturbances. Both excess of stress hormones and reduction in sleep quality and duration may lead to higher risk for type 2 diabetes. Objective: To investigate whether long-term exposure to residential road traffic noise is associated with an increased risk of diabetes. Methods: In the […]

Looking at the Positives: Resilience in the Face of Chronic Illness

Indian Country: December 11, 2012 Resilience: from the Latin meaning to jump back or recoil; an ability to recover from or adjust easily to misfortune or change. This concept is most often used to describe responses to emotional trauma, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, childhood neglect and abuse, or, in recent months, global economic conditions. Researchers […]

‘Diabetes Is Not Our Way’: Cheyenne River Youth Release a Prevention Campaign

Indian Country: December 06, 2012 Eagle Butte, South Dakota—The Cheyenne River Youth Project (CRYP) has just fielded a major diabetes awareness and prevention campaign. The project includes a 30-minute video called “Diabetes Is Not Our Way”; 10 short films featuring prominent community members, collectively referred to as “Indigenous Perspectives”; and three public service announcements for television […]

Limitations in the Use of Indices Using Glucose and Insulin Levels to Predict Insulin Sensitivity: Impact of Race and Gender and Superiority of the Indices Derived From Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in African Americans

ADA: December 6, 2012 OBJECTIVE To examine the utility of commonly used insulin sensitivity indices in nondiabetic European Americans (EAs) and African Americans (AAs). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Two-hundred forty nondiabetic participants were studied. Euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp was the gold standard approach to assess glucose disposal rates (GDR) normalized by lean body mass. The homeostatic model assessment for […]

Insulin Clearance and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Hispanics and African Americans

The IRAS Family Study OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify factors that are independently associated with the metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) and to examine the association of MCRI with incident type 2 diabetes in nondiabetic Hispanics and African Americans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We investigated 1,116 participants in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) Family Study […]

Self-reported Physical Activity Is Associated With β-Cell Function in Mexican American Adults

ADA: December 5, 2012 OBJECTIVES To examine the association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and diabetes-related quantitative traits. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The observational cohort was 1,152 Mexican American adults with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests, and self-reported dietary and PA questionnaires. PA was categorized into three mutually exclusive groups according to the […]

Four-Year Change in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Influence on Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in a Randomized Trial The Look AHEAD Trial

ADA: December 6, 2012 OBJECTIVE To examine an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) compared with diabetes support and education (DSE) on 4-year change in fitness and physical activity (PA), and to examine the effect of change in fitness and PA, adjusting for potential confounders, on glycemic control in the Look AHEAD Trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects were […]

The Effect of Excess Weight Gain with Intensive Diabetes Treatment on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Atherosclerosis in Type 1 Diabetes: Results from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial / Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study (DCCT/EDIC) Study

AHA: December 4, 2012 Background—Intensive diabetes therapy of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) reduces diabetes complications but can be associated with excess weight gain, central obesity, and dyslipidemia. The purpose of this study was to determine if excessive weight gain with diabetes therapy of T1DM is prospectively associated with atherosclerotic disease. Methods and Results—Subjects with T1DM […]

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