Dizziness and Loss of Balance in Individuals With Diabetes: Relative Contribution of Vestibular Versus Somatosensory Dysfunction

Clinical Diabetes: April 2014 The authors studied patients with diabetes and complaints of dizziness to determine whether peripheral neuropathy or inner ear dysfunction was more likely to disturb balance. Quantitative testing showed that the majority failed to maintain balance in vestibular-related conditions and had normal equilibrium scores in conditions relying on somatosensory input. Vestibular dysfunction should […]

Understanding the High Prevalence of Diabetes in U.S. South Asians Compared with Four Racial/Ethnic Groups: The MASALA and MESA Studies

Diabetes Care: April 4, 2014 OBJECTIVE We compared South Asians with four other race/ethnic groups in the U.S. to determine whether sociodemographic, lifestyle, or metabolic factors could explain the higher diabetes prevalence, and whether insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction occurred at younger ages and/or lower adiposity levels compared with other groups. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of […]

Needs and Concerns of Family Caregivers of Persons With Type 2 Diabetes An Integrated Review of Cross-cultural Literature With Implications for the American Indian Population

The Diabetes Educator: April 2, 2014 Purpose The purposes of this review were to identify the needs and concerns of family caregivers of persons with type 2 diabetes and to develop recommendations for future research on family caregivers of American Indians with type 2 diabetes. Searching the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Ovid, and PubMed, […]

Exenatide once weekly versus insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes (DURATION-3): 3-year results of an open-label randomised trial

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology: April 4, 2014 Background When patients with type 2 diabetes start their first injectable therapy, clinicians can choose between glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and basal insulins. In DURATION-3, exenatide once weekly was compared with insulin glargine (henceforth, glargine) as first injectable therapy. Here, we report the results of the final […]

Baseline Adiponectin Levels Do Not Influence the Response to Pioglitazone in ACT NOW

Diabetes Care: April 4, 2014 OBJECTIVE Plasma adiponectin levels are reduced in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other insulin-resistant states. We examined whether plasma adiponectin levels at baseline and after pioglitazone treatment in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) subjects were associated with improved insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose tolerance status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 602 […]

Effect of resveratrol on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials1,2,3

Am J Clin Nutr: June 2014 Background: The results of human clinical trials investigating the effects of resveratrol on glucose control and insulin sensitivity are inconsistent. Objective: We aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of resveratrol on glucose control and insulin sensitivity. Design: We performed a strategic literature search of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library (updated […]

Small Intestinal Glucose Exposure Determines the Magnitude of the Incretin Effect in Health and Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes:  April 2, 2014 The potential influence of gastric emptying on the ‘incretin effect’, mediated by glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of intraduodenal glucose infusions at 2 (ID2) and 4 (ID4) kcal/min (equating to two rates of gastric emptying within the […]

Effects of sodium restriction and hydrochlorothiazide on RAAS blockade efficacy in diabetic nephropathy: a randomised clinical trial

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology: March 5, 2014 Background Reduction of dietary sodium intake or diuretic treatment increases renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade efficacy in non-diabetic nephropathy. We aimed to investigate the effect of sodium restriction and the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide, separately and in combination, added to RAAS blockade on residual albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetic […]

Estimating the Delay Between Onset and Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes From the Time Course of Retinopathy Prevalence

Diabetes Care:  April 4, 2014 OBJECTIVE By correlating known diabetes duration with the prevalence of retinopathy, more than 10 years have been estimated to lapse between the onset and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Such calculations, however, assumed a linear model, included stages of retinopathy not specific to diabetes, and allowed 5 years for retinopathy to occur […]

The Impact of Nocturnal Hypoglycemia on Clinical and Cost-Related Issues in Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

The Diabetes Educator: April 2, 2014 Purpose This article provides an overview of the clinical and economic issues associated with hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Current research regarding hypoglycemia is comprehensively reviewed, with special emphasis on nocturnal hypoglycemia, as almost 50% of all severe hypoglycemic episodes occur at nighttime during sleep. […]

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